Q 1.

How many times did you fall ill in the last one year? What were the illnesses?
(A) Think of one change you can make in your habits in order to avoid any/most of the above illnesses.
(B) Think of one change you would like to have in your surroundings in order to avoid any/most of the above illnesses.

SOLUTION:

I suffered last year from cough and cold (twice) and malaria (once).
(a) Change in habits: (i) Should avoid the company of persons suffering from cough and cold. (ii) Wear suitable clothes in order to give protection to the body during changing season and against mosquito bite.
(b) Change in surroundings: (i) Improve the sanitary conditions in the surroundings. (ii) Do not allow water to collect near the houses, because it provides the breeding ground for mosquitoes.

Q 2.

A doctor/nurse/health-worker is exposed to more sick people than others in community. Find out how she/he avoids getting sick herself/himself.

SOLUTION:

A doctor/nurse/health worker is exposed to more sick people in the community. He/she avoids getting sick by:
(i) keeping place of work sterilized by using phenyl etc.
(ii) keeping equipments, that are regularly in use, sterilized.
(iii) washing hands with soap thoroughly after serious examination of patients.
(iv) getting themselves vaccinated against various diseases.

Q 3.

Conduct a survey in your neighbourhood to find out what the three most common diseases are? Suggest three steps that could be taken by your local authorities to bring down the incidence of these diseases.

SOLUTION:

After conducting a survey in my neighbourhood, I found out that the three most common diseases in my area are diarrhoea, malaria, and typhoid.
Three steps that could be taken by local authorities to bring down the incidences of these diseases are:
(i) proper disposal of garbage and regular cleaning of roads and streets.
(ii) regular cleaning of drains and spraying of insecticides.
(iii) provision of clean drinking water.

Q 4.

A baby is not able to tell her/his caretakers that she/he is sick. What would help us to find out
(A) that the baby is sick ?
(B) what is the sickness ?

SOLUTION:

(a) Symptoms that help us to find that baby is sick, are
(i) Continuous crying and restlessness of the child
(ii) Improper intake of food and body temperature
(b) Kind of sickness can be known by certain organ-specific and tissue-specific symptoms e.g.,yellowness of skin and eyes indicate the jaundice and hepatitis.

Q 5.

Under which of the following conditions is a person most likely to fall sick ?
(A) When she is recovering from malaria.
(B) When she has recovered from malaria and is taking care of some one suffering from chicken pox.
(C) When she is on a four-day fast after recovering from malaria and is taking care of someone suffering from chicken pox. Why ?

SOLUTION:

A person is most likely to fall sick in (c) condition because malaria attack has caused large scale destruction of her blood cells so she is weak and anaemic. Then she is on a four-day fast so is not getting proper and sufficient food which further decreases the functioning of her immune system and lastly chickenpox is a communicable and contagious disease.

Q 6.

Under which of the following conditions are you most likely to fall sick ?
(A) When you are having examinations.
(B) When you have travelled by bus and train for two days.
(C) When your friend is suffering from measles. Why ?

SOLUTION:

We will be most likely to fall sick when our friend is suffering from measles (c) because measles is a contagious disease and spreads by droplet infection.